Improvement in telegraphic repeaters



2 Sheets.Sheet i. W. H. HAMILTON.

Teiegraphic Repeater, No. 49,875.- Patented Sept. 12, 1865.

N. PETERS, mmumo m rwr, Wamin mn. D. c

2 Shame-Sheet 2.

W. H. HAMILTON.

Telegraphic Repeater.

Patented Sept. 12, 1865.

N. PETERS. Photo-Lithographer, wwun wn. D. C.

vice versa.

UNITED ST T-Es PATENT OFFIC WM. H. HAMILTON, or ALBANY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPHIC REPEATERS.

Specification forming part of LeitcrsP atent No- 49,75, dated September12, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. HAMILTON, of Albany, in the county ofAlbany and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Telegraphic Repeating- Instruments; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which willenable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which Figure 1 represents a plan or top view of thisinvention. Fig. 2 is a diagram intended to illustrate the connection ofthe several parts of my instrument.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondin g parts.

This invention consists in the application of an electric current formedfrom a main or local battery alternately to two receiving-magnets by anysuitable mechanism on a receivin g-magnet, register, or sounder,simultaneously with the removal of the main current, in such a mannerthat impulses can be repeated from one telegraph-wire to anotherautomatically and without liability to errors.

0n telegraph-lines it is necessary and expedient to repeat from one wireto another, and In early days of telegraphing, at therepeatin g-stationsabutton was'used, placed in one position by the attending operator asfirst wire repeated to second, and turned to another position as secondreplied to first, thus requiring constant attention of the operator.Later self-repeatin g instruments of many forms have been introduced,and this is one of the class.

Each main wire a a in my repeater requires a sounder, A or A,an ordinaryreceiving-magnet, L or L, and a main battery, P R P R.

My sounders are similar to an ordinary Morse register or sounder; butthe registering-lever D or D is made to extend a little beyond the postB or B, and through it is placed the screw G or G, platina-pointcd. Onthe base A A of the sounder is placed, in advance of post B or B,another insulated post, E or E, furnished with the vibrating lever F orF. This lever has at one end aplatina-point, N or N, directly under thepoint of the screw G or G in the lever D or D, and at the other end alike point, M or M, projecting from its under surface directly over aninsulated point, I or I, in an arm extending from the post E or E.

To the vibrating lever F or F is attached an adjusting-spring, which isfastened to the screw 0 or O in post E or E, and this spring keeps thepoints M M and I I closed when theinner end of leverF or F is free ornot depressed by the registering-lever D or D.

The receiving-magnets L and L are connected at h h and h h to themagnets G and O of the sounders by the usual local wires and batteries.

The first main wire, a, from the distant station is connected to thefirst main battery, PR, at the pole t, and the circuit passes throughthe battery P to the pole g, where the main battery is divided, thencethrough the wire 1) to the screw G in the lever D of the second sounder,A, through the screw G to pointN of vibrating lever F, through thislever and the post E to the wire 0, through this wire to the battery It,through the battery and wire (1 to the first receiving-magnet, L, andthrough the helix of this magnet and wire 6 to the ground. The secondmain wire, a, is connected in like manner to the main battery 1? R atpole i, the circuit passing through battery I, wire b, screw G, lever F,post E, wire 0, battery R, wire (1, receiving-magnet L, and wire 6 tothe ground.

The insulated points I and I of the posts E and E are connected by wirest t and c e to the ground.

The operation is as follows: When the circuit through the main wires toa is closed the levers D D are attracted by their respective magnets,and the points G N G N arein contact, and at the same time the points M.I M I are separated. If the operator on the first wire, (1, opens thecircuit, the electric currents previously passing through the wires b cd, helix L, and wire 0, is stopped and the armature of the magnet L isliberated. By this action the sounder-lever D is also liberated, andthis lever, in its upward motion, is followed by the vibrating lever E,which is subjected to the strain of the adjusting-spring, keeping thepoints G and N closed until the points M and I come in contact,arresting the movements of the lever F. By the contact of the points M Ithe second main batteryis divided, forming for lesser part B anew localmain circuit from pole 7a through wire 0 to post E, through this postand the lever F, insulated point I, and wire t to ground-wire e and e,thence to magnet L, wire d, and pole m, back to the battery R, acomplete metallic circuit, in which is the magnet L. By the upwardmovement of the registering-lever D the repeating-points G and N areseparated, and thereby the circuit of the second main wire, a, isopened, and consequently the impulse from the first main wire, a, isrepeated to the second main wire, a. By this operation the main circuithas been removed from the second receiving-magnet, L

but by contact of points M I of the first sounder, A, this magnet isunder the influence of the local main battery R and cannot open, thuspreserving the circuit through the first main wire at therepeating-points G and N, as they cannot separate. If the main circuitthrough the firstwire, a, is now closed, the sounder-lever D returns andcloses the second main circuit with the points G N and opens the localmain circuit by separating the points M and 1, allowing the main batteryP R to 7 act as a whole, and thus the line is restored to its originalcondition of rest. When the second circuit is opened to reply and thefirst one is also open, there will be no change; but so soon as thefirst circuit is closed its lever D, returning, closes the secondcircuit. closes the repeating-points G N of the second circuit, andopens the local main circuit by separating the points M I, as described.Both main and local main currents are thus removed from the secondreceiving-magnet, L, and it opens and liberates its sounder-lever D,which performs precisely the same manipulations as did lever D whenfirst liberated, thus repeating the impulse from second main wire, a, tothe first.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent The batteries P RP B, applied in combination with sounders A A, receiving-magnets L L,registering-levers D D, and main wires a a, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

WM. H. HAMILTON. Witnesses:

S. E. MAYO, M. L. MORGAN.

